Polycythemia vera (PV) is a myeloproliferative disorder that results from clonal expansion of a transformed hematopoietic stem cell, and this is associated with a prominent overproduction of erythrocytes, and to a lesser extent, expansion of the granulocytic and megakaryocytic elements. Secondary polycythemia is occasionally associated with renal diseases such as renal tumors, cysts, hydronephorosis, renal transplantation, renal artery stenosis and Bartter's syndrome, and it is rarely associated with nephritic syndrome, nephrosclerosis, chronic glomerulonephritis (GN) and membranous nephropathy. Although cases of erythrocytosis with concomitant GN have occasionally been reported, there are few reports regarding PV. Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is one of the most frequent forms of GN. However, its association with PV has rarely been described. We report here on one patient with concomitant PV and FSGS along with a review of the previously reported literature.

Keywords: Polycythemia vera, Glomerulonephritis, Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis