Table 3

Studies utilizing the flow cytometric platelet aggregation technique.

Research study	Sample size	Patients	Platelet labelling	N of platelet agonists tested	Platelet agonists used	Remarks
De Cuyper et al. (2013) [5]	NA	Human and mouse platelets	1.CD31 for labelling of platelets in whole blood 2.CFSE and PKH26 dyes for washed platelets	3–4	PMA, type I collagen, Aggretin A, or ristocetin	Platelet aggregation using flow cytometry can be performed with small starting volume or low platelet count.
van Bladel et al. (2014) [6]	33	Pediatric chronic ITP patients	CFSE and PKH26 dyes for washed platelets	2	PMA or ristocetin	Decreased platelet function is seen in patients with severe bleeding phenotype.
Vinholt et al. (2017) [7]	20	TCP patients diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia or myelodysplastic syndrome	CAMU and CV450 dyes for washed platelets	3	Collagen-related peptide TRAP and ADP	Platelet aggregation assay is applicable in TCP patients to identify a bleeding risk.
Present study (2020)	24	Bleeding patients suspected to have a platelet function defect including two TCP patients	CD31 for washed platelets	3	ADP, type-I collagen, Ristocetin	FCA is a potential technique for identification of PFD comparable to LTA, with applicability in TCP patients.

Abbreviations: ADP, adenosine diphosphate; AM, acetoxymethyl ester; CAMU, calcein acetoxymethyl ester ultrapure grade; CFSE, carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester; CV450, calcein-AM Violet 450; FCA, flow cytometric platelet aggregation; ITP, immune thrombocytopenic purpura; LTA, light transmission aggregometry; NA, not available; PFD, platelet function defect; PKH26, PKH26 Red Fluorescent Cell Linker Kit for General Cell Membrane Labeling; PMA, phorbol myristate acetate; TCP, thrombocytopenia; TRAP, thrombin receptor-activating peptide.

Blood Res 2021;56:109~118 https://doi.org/10.5045/br.2021.2020232