Table 1

Genetic prognostic markers in international prospective clinical trials of pediatric patients with acute myeloid leukemia.

Study group (protocol no.)	Unfavorable prognostic markers	Favorable prognostic markers
Children’s Oncology Group (AAML1831)	inv(3)(q21q26.3)–MECOM-RPN1 fusion	t(8;21)(q22;q22) RUNX1-RUNX1T1
	t(6;9)(p23;q34.1)(DEKDEK-NUP214)	inv(16)/t(16;16)(p13.1q22) CBFB-MYH11
	Monosomy 7	NPM1 mutations
	Monosomy 5/5q	Biallelic CEBPA mutation
	Monosomy 5/5q-[EGR1(5q31)deleted]
	KMT2A(MLL)(11q23.3)
	-t(4;11)(q21;q23)
	-t(6;11)(q27;q23)
	-t(10;11)(p11.2;q23)
	-t(10;11)(p12;q23)
	-t(11;19)(q23;p13.3)
	NUP98(11p15.5)
	12p: Rearrangement or loss of ETV6
	t(16;21)(p11;q22)(FUS-ERG)
	FLT3/ITD+with allelic ratio>0.1%
	CBFA2T3-GLIS2
	RAM phenotype
	KAT6A (8p11.21) Fusion (10p12)(for patients who are 90 days or older)
	Non-KMT2A-MLLT10 Fusions
St. Jude Children’s Hospital (AML16)	DEK-NUP214 [t(6;9)]	Absence of high-risk features
	KAT6A-CREBBP [t(8;16)]
	RUNX1-CBFA2T3 [t(16;21)]
	-7, -5, 5q-, KMT2A-MLLT10 [t(6;11)]
	KMT2A-MLLT4 [t(10;11)]
	inv(3)(q21q26.2)
	CBFA2T3-GLIS2 [inv(16)(p13.3q24.3)]
	NUP98-KDM5A [t(11;12)(p15;p13)]
	ETV6-HLXB [t(7;12)(q36;p13)]
	NUP98-HOXA9 [t(7;11)(p15.4;p15)]
	NUP98-NSD1
	FLT3-ITD in combination with either NUP98-NSD1 fusion or WT1 mutation
	Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia with KMT2Arearrangements, CBFA2T3-GLIS2[inv(16)(p13.3q24.3)], or NUP98-KDM5A[t(11;12)(p15;p13)]
Berlin-Frankfurt-Münster	Complex karyotype	t(8;21)
	-5	inv(16)
	del(5q)-7
	Abnormalities of 3q
	FLT3 mutation
United Kingdom Medical Research Council (AML MRC 17)	Complex karyotype	t(8;21)/AML1-ETO
	-5	inv(16)/t(16;16)/CBFB-MYH11
	del(5q)-7
	Abnormalities of 3q
	FLT3 mutation