Human parvovirus B19 infection could be manifested as pure red cell aplasia or chronic anemia in immunocompromised host. The patient was 35-year-old female who had been diagnosed as non-Hodgkin lymphoma, peripheral T-cell unspecified type and had been performed chemotherapy. She complained headache and dizziness that was found to a marked drop in hemoglobin (3.2g/dL). A bone marrow aspiration revealed findings consistent with erythroid hypoplasia with maturation arrest. Serum parvovirus B19 PCR and anti parvovirus B19 IgM were positive. After immunoglobulin therapy, it was leading to a marked increase in reticulocyte count and corresponding rise in hemoglobin. To our knowledge, this is the first report to use immunoglobulin in an adult cancer patient with pure red-cell aplasia. Human parvovirus B19 infection should be considered in immunocompromised cancer patients with red cell aplasia and early use of immunoglobulins would be helpful in resolution of anemia and not to delay planned chemotherapy.

Keywords: Human parvovirus B19, Pure red-cell aplasia, Immunoglobulins