Pure red cell aplasia (PRCA) is a rare hematologic disorder characterized by anemia, reticulocytopenia in the blood and isolated severe erythroblastopenia with no abnormalities of the granulopoiesis and megakaryopoiesis in the bone marrow. Acquired PRCA has been reported in association with various autoimmune diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis, mixed connective tissue disease and Sjögren's syndrome. We report here on a case of PRCA associated with Hashimoto disease (without any other autoimmune disease) which, to the best of our knowledge, has not been previously reported in Korean and English literatures. Our patient was treated with levothyroxine alone without other immunosuppressive agents and her hemoglobin concentration and hematocrit values returned to normal.

Keywords: Pure red cell aplasia, Hashimoto disease, Autoimmune, Hypothyroidism